Sunday, February 17, 2013

Asteroid in record Earth near-miss

Nasa coverage of the moment the asteroid passed closest to Earth

An asteroid as large as an Olympic swimming pool has raced past the Earth at a distance of just 27,700km (17,200mi) - the closest ever predicted for an object of that size.

It passed far closer even than the geosynchronous satellites that orbit the Earth, but there was no risk of impacts or collisions.

Its closest approach was at 19:25 GMT.

For regions in darkness, it should remain visible until about midnight through good binoculars or a telescope.

The asteroid's arrival was preceded by a damaging meteor event in Russia on Friday - but indications from the meteor's path suggest that the two events are entirely unrelated - just a "cosmic coincidence", as Alan Fitzsimmons of Queens University Belfast told BBC News.

The asteroid orbits the Sun in 368 days - a period similar to Earth's year - but it does not orbit in the same plane as the Earth.

As it passes - at 7.8km/s (17,450 mi/hr) - it will come from "under" the Earth and return back toward the Sun from "above".

It passed directly over the eastern Indian Ocean, making for the best viewing in Eastern Europe, Asia and Australia.

But keen viewers everywhere used several live streams of the event on the internet, including a feed from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory at Nasa.

2012 DA14 was first spotted in February 2012 by astronomers at the La Sagra Sky Survey in Spain - once a fairly small-scale, amateur effort to discover and track asteroids that has in recent years become a significant contributor to our knowledge of these "near-Earth objects".

They caught sight of the asteroid after its last pass, at a far greater distance.

From their observations, they were able to calculate the asteroid's future and past paths and predict Friday's near-miss - which will be the closest the object comes for at least 30 years.

Prof Fitzsimmons said that it is a scientific opportunity not to be missed.

"When asteroids come this close, it's very important to try to learn about them - it's become so bright, so it's so easy to study," he told BBC News.

"We get an additional insight into these small objects, which are the most likely impactors on Earth."

The notion that it is these smaller, tens-to-hundreds of metres-sized objects that pose the greatest potential threat to Earth is explored in the BBC feature article Can we know about every asteroid? .

The asteroid will only be visible from some regions on Earth. Click through these maps produced by Dr Geert Barentsen, of the University of Hertfordshire, to see when the asteroid should be visible in different areas:

Continue reading the main story

For skywatchers in the UK, the graphic below indicates roughly where in the northern sky to try to spot 2012 DA14.

Send your pictures and videos to yourpics@bbc.co.uk or text them to 61124 (UK) or +44 7624 800 100 (International). If you have a large file you can upload here.

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Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-21442863#sa-ns_mchannel=rss&ns_source=PublicRSS20-sa

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Facebook Gets a Multibillion-Dollar Tax Break

By Peter Coy
Bloomberg Businessweek
February 16, 2013

It hasn?t drawn much attention, but Facebook?s first annual earnings report contains an accounting gem: a multibillion-dollar tax deduction for the cost of executive stock options and share awards.

Even though?Facebook (FB)?reported $1.1 billion in pre-tax profits from U.S. operations in 2012, it will probablypay zero federal and state taxes?and even receive a federal tax refund of about $429 million?according to a Feb. 14 statement from Citizens for Tax Justice.

The tax-research and -lobbying organization says companies such as Facebook should treat stock options the same in their reports to shareholders as they do in their tax filings.

Citizens for Tax Justice?calls the tax footnotes in Facebook?s Jan. 30 financial statement ?an amazing admission,? but there?s nothing illegal about the breaks the company is claiming.

Companies like Facebook are allowed to treat the cost of non-cash compensation, such as stock options, as an expense that reduces profits, essentially the way they treat cash compensation such as salaries.

Read Entire?Article?

Source: http://theintelhub.com/2013/02/16/facebook-gets-a-multibillion-dollar-tax-break/

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Saturday, February 16, 2013

Russian asteroid strike: Numerous injuries, significant damage

Feb. 15, 2013 ? A space rock a few metres across exploded in Earth's atmosphere above the city of Chelyabinsk, Russia today at about 03:15 GMT. The numerous injuries and significant damage remind us that what happens in space can affect us all.

While precise information on the size, mass and composition of the object are yet to be confirmed, videos show a fireball and explosion consistent with an asteroid up to a few metres in size exploding in the atmosphere, possibly several to ten kilometres above the surface.

In this type of event, if the explosion altitude is less than 10 km or so, the resulting shockwave can cause damage on the ground, such as shattering windows. Debris from the object may be found later.

"Current information, which is not yet complete nor confirmed, points to a small asteroid," said Detlef Koschny, Head of Near-Earth Object activity at ESA's Space Situational Awareness (SSA) programme office.

"There is no way it could have been predicted with the technical means available today. What can be said with near certainty is that this object has no connection with asteroid 2012 DA14."

Asteroid 2012 DA14 made a close flyby of Earth at 19:27 GMT (20:27 CET) today.

Finding objects that pass close to our planet and are large enough to do damage if they enter our atmosphere is a major goal of ESA's SSA programme.

In addition to conducting its own sky searches using ESA's Optical Ground Station in Tenerife, Spain, SSA is partnering with existing European and international asteroid survey activities.

It also sponsors astronomer groups in Europe, supporting surveys carried out with their own equipment or allocating observation time on its Tenerife telescope. The office also provides access to orbit predictions, close flyby details and related data via its technical website at http://neo.ssa.esa.int

"Today's event is a strong reminder of why we need continuous efforts to survey and identify near-Earth objects," said Thomas Reiter, ESA's Director of Human Spaceflight and Operations.

"Our SSA programme is developing a system of automated optical telescopes that can detect asteroids and other objects in solar orbits."

In cooperation with survey efforts worldwide, ESA's goal is to spot near-Earth objects larger than 40 m at least three weeks before closest approach to our planet.

To achieve this, ESA, European industry and partner agencies are developing a system of automated 1 m-diameter telescopes capable of imaging the complete sky in one night.

In addition to Russian media, who reported immediately, all media worldwide have published images of notable damage around Chelyabinsk, and reports also mention numerous casualties.

"Our most sincere sympathies are with those suffering injury and property loss due to this event in Russia," added Thomas Reiter.

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Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/top_environment/~3/BymHQJx2jzA/130215192102.htm

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Mohammed Polo Backs Kwesi Appiah To Stay On As Ghana Coach

Ghana legend Mohammed Polo has advised the Ghana Football Association to maintain Kwesi Appiah as Black Stars coach.

The 1978 Africa Cup of Nations winner claims Appiah has garnered some experience in the dug-out and expects him to come better next time.

There has been a debate back home over the prolonged stay of the technical team after failing to deliver the Nations Cup trophy.

Polo wants the Football Association to keep the technical team despite the Nations Cup heartache for the sake of continuity.

?So far, as far as I?m concerned, we should keep him, we need to,? Polo, nicknamed dribbling magician, told Accra-based Joy FM.

?This guy has taken the Stars to the Nations Cup, and despite finishing fourth he has gotten some experience, we should build on that and not fire him at all.?

Source: http://sports.peacefmonline.com/soccer/201302/156202.php

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Art Meets Geek at Toni Dove's Studio

"This is geek central," says artist Toni Dove of her New York City studio. Dove employs an infrared motion-sensing interface, voice recognition software, 3-D mechanical projection screens, video puppets and lots of other tech to bring her mixed media productions to life. Science Friday stopped by for a sneak peak of her newest piece, "Lucid Possession."

Copyright ? 2013 NPR. For personal, noncommercial use only. See Terms of Use. For other uses, prior permission required.

IRA FLATOW, HOST:

Flora Lichtman's here, switched hats again.

FLORA LICHTMAN, BYLINE: Switching gears.

FLATOW: Switching gears, and our gear is our Video Pick of the Week, and it's a real - as always, a real cool one.

LICHTMAN: This one, yeah, very cool. We're to the earthly pleasures now - part - segment of the show. It's about art. We went and visited the studio of artist Toni Dove, and she makes the art - the kind of art that's just my style. It satisfies my craving for fantasy, and also my real nerdy, geeky side.

FLATOW: The Benji(ph) part.

LICHTMAN: Yes. The Benji(ph) part is well satisfied by the kind of stuff that Toni Dove does. She's sort of a multimedia storyteller, and she's been doing that, you know, since before that was cool for, like, 20 years. And she has all this technology that she uses to bring stories to life. But her major - her sort of (unintelligible) film, I think that she would say that, the performances are - have a few different genres.

FLATOW: This is SCIENCE FRIDAY, from NPR.

LICHTMAN: Anyway, I think Toni Dove actually probably describes it best.

TONI DOVE: It's like I'll look at a movie, and then I'll - the impulse will be to take it apart like it was a pocket watch, and have all the pieces on the table, and then think about different ways it can be configured.

LICHTMAN: So what does it mean to take a movie apart like a pocket watch? Let me try to paint you a picture. So what she does is that she has multiple projection screens going at once. And some of these screens are actually 3D in a kind of analog way.

FLATOW: Right.

LICHTMAN: They have multiple layers, and so you get this 3D effect. And they move. They can come down from the ceiling. And then there are these other projectors that have - digital puppets, are what she calls them. And basically, there are these pictures of people or characters that appear on these screens. But they're animated by real people, and the way that it's done is through motion-sensing software and voice recognition. So there's a real person who's talking and moving their arms in kind of a sign language-y dance, and that translates to the movement of these digital puppets on the screen.

FLATOW: Wow.

LICHTMAN: You have to see it. It's really cool.

FLATOW: Yeah. It's - that's why we made a video out of it. That's why Flora went down to the studio and spoke with her and got a great tour. And if you want to see it - it's hard to picture - that's why it's a video. It's hard to picture.

LICHTMAN: Yeah, sorry.

FLATOW: Go to our website at sciencefriday.com. It's our Video Pick of the Week, and it's up there, and you can watch it. And it's fascinating.

LICHTMAN: Yeah. I mean, she also makes robots, and there are cyborgs and there are opera singers. And the performances themselves include sort of all these things at once. So there's multiple screens, and then there are performers onstage. And her next production, "Lucid Possession," premiers in April in Brooklyn. You can get details. But if it sounds really out there, I think Toni Dove, you know, would argue that it actually kind of mirrors modern life.

DOVE: And that sense of fluid movement across different dimensions that happens in the piece is something that we're exploring in the way we live. We are simultaneously navigating virtual spaces, social spaces, mobile phone spaces. And that gives us a sense of extruded identity, I think.

LICHTMAN: And extruded identity is really, I think, what this latest piece, "Lucid Possession," is all about. It was a nice visual representation of, I think, this feeling we all have, where we're, you know, on Twitter and on Facebook and in real life sometimes, radio, you know...

FLATOW: Right.

LICHTMAN: ...a visual representation of that feeling of being spread out over different platforms.

FLATOW: Yeah. It's our Video Pick of the Week up there on our website at sciencefriday.com. You can also see it on YouTube. And it's up there right now. It's a very interesting video.

LICHTMAN: I also would like to make a note for photographers out there, and we have so many great photographers. Our annual winter nature photo contest is back.

FLATOW: Yay.

LICHTMAN: Last year, you warmed our frosty hearts with your submissions. Bundle up, take your best shot, send it our way. The contest starts at 4 p.m. today, and you can go to our website for info on how to submit your photo.

FLATOW: So it could be a picture of anything having to do with nature.

LICHTMAN: Winter nature.

FLATOW: Winter nature. Winter nature. It could be snow. It could be whatever it is. We don't set the limits on what it can be. But it's just winter nature-related.

LICHTMAN: We had - remember last year's?

FLATOW: Yeah.

LICHTMAN: We had really wonderful photographers in our audience.

FLATOW: Beautiful.

LICHTMAN: I can't wait to see what they come up with this year.

FLATOW: And they sent dozens and dozens of pictures in, and then they're all gorgeously - and then, you know.

LICHTMAN: Then we'll see them, and we'll display them.

FLATOW: And Annette will put them up on the website.

LICHTMAN: That's right.

FLATOW: It'll be great. Thank you.

LICHTMAN: Thanks, Ira.

FLATOW: What a day we've had today, tracking the asteroids, talking about what the meteorites and the meteors that hit Russia today. And I want to thank everybody who was involved in the coverage all around the world. Thank you very much for helping us with our live coverage today.

Copyright ? 2013 NPR. All rights reserved. No quotes from the materials contained herein may be used in any media without attribution to NPR. This transcript is provided for personal, noncommercial use only, pursuant to our Terms of Use. Any other use requires NPR's prior permission. Visit our permissions page for further information.

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Source: http://www.npr.org/2013/02/15/172100113/art-meets-geek-at-toni-doves-studio?ft=1&f=1007

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Wednesday, February 6, 2013

Supersonic skydiver reached 844 mph in record jump

FILE - A Sunday, Oct. 14, 2012 file image provided by Red Bull Stratos shows pilot Felix Baumgartner of Austria as he jumps out of the capsule during the final manned flight for Red Bull Stratos. According to the official numbers released Monday, Feb. 4, 2013, the Austrian parachutist known as "Fearless Felix" reached 843.6 mph. That's equivalent to Mach 1.25, or 1.25 times the speed of sound. His top speed initially was estimated last October at 834 mph, or Mach 1.24. (AP Photo/Red Bull Stratos, File)

FILE - A Sunday, Oct. 14, 2012 file image provided by Red Bull Stratos shows pilot Felix Baumgartner of Austria as he jumps out of the capsule during the final manned flight for Red Bull Stratos. According to the official numbers released Monday, Feb. 4, 2013, the Austrian parachutist known as "Fearless Felix" reached 843.6 mph. That's equivalent to Mach 1.25, or 1.25 times the speed of sound. His top speed initially was estimated last October at 834 mph, or Mach 1.24. (AP Photo/Red Bull Stratos, File)

FILE - In a Saturday, Dec. 1, 2012 file photo, Austrian supersonic skydiver Felix Baumgartner greets the audience during the 50th Barborka Rally in Warsaw, Poland. According to the official numbers released Monday, Feb. 4, 2013, the Austrian parachutist known as "Fearless Felix" reached 843.6 mph. That's equivalent to Mach 1.25, or 1.25 times the speed of sound. His top speed initially was estimated last October at 834 mph, or Mach 1.24. (AP Photo/Alik Keplicz, File)

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. (AP) ? Supersonic skydiver Felix Baumgartner was faster than he or anyone else thought during his record-setting jump last October from 24 miles up.

The Austrian parachutist known as "Fearless Felix" reached 843.6 mph, according to official numbers released Monday. That's equivalent to Mach 1.25, or 1.25 times the speed of sound.

His top speed initially was estimated at 10 mph slower at 834 mph, or Mach 1.24.

Either way, he became the first human to break the sound barrier with only his body. He wore a pressurized suit and hopped from a capsule hoisted by a giant helium balloon over New Mexico.

Baumgartner was supersonic for a half-minute ? "quite remarkable," according to Brian Utley, the record-keeping official who was present for the Oct. 14 feat.

The 43-year-old's heart rate remained below 185 beats a minute, and his breathing was fairly steady.

The leap was from an altitude of 127,852 feet. That's 248 feet lower than original estimates, but still stratospheric.

"He jumped from a little bit lower, but he actually went a little bit faster, which was pretty exciting," said Art Thompson, technical project director for the Red Bull-sponsored project.

"It's fun for us to see reaching Mach speeds and proving out a lot of the safety systems," Thompson said in a phone interview from his aerospace company in Lancaster, Calif.

Thompson said everything pretty much unfolded as anticipated, with no big surprises in the final report. The updated records were provided by Utley, official observer for the National Aeronautic Association's contest and records board. Utley was in Roswell, N.M., for Baumgartner's grand finale following two test jumps.

Based on all the data collected from sensors on Baumgartner's suit, Utley determined that Baumgartner was 34 seconds into his jump when he reached Mach 1. The speed for breaking the sound barrier depends on the temperature at a given altitude; for Baumgartner, that came together just shy of 110,000 feet.

He reached peak speed by the time he was at 91,300 feet, 50 seconds into the jump, and was back to subsonic by 75,300 feet, give or take, 64 seconds into his free fall.

His entire free fall lasted four minutes, 20 seconds. He used a parachute to cover the final 5,000 feet, landing on his feet in the desert outside Roswell.

Not everything went well.

Baumgartner went into a dreaded flat spin while still supersonic. He spun for 13 seconds at approximately 60 revolutions per minute, making 14 to 16 spins before using his body to regain control, Thompson said. The skydiver was well within safety limits the entire time, he noted. Baumgartner's brain remained under 2G, or two times the force of gravity, during the spin.

If the flat spin had lasted longer and been more severe ? exceeding six continuous seconds at 3.5 G ? Baumgartner's drogue, or stabilizing, parachute would have deployed automatically. Doctors worried about him blacking out and suffering a stroke or, in the case of a suit tear, his blood boiling at such an extreme altitude. The outside temperature registered as low as minus 96 Fahrenheit.

In the foreword of the 71-page report, Baumgartner said he never imagined how many people would share in his dream to make a supersonic free fall from so high.

Some 52 million people watched YouTube's live stream of the exploit.

The scientific and engineering experts who helped bring him back alive "broke boundaries in their own fields just as surely as I broke the sound barrier," Baumgartner wrote.

Baumgartner shattered the previous record set by Joe Kittinger, an Air Force officer, in 1960. Kittinger did not quite reach supersonic speed during his jump from 19.5 miles up.

Kittinger noted in the Red Bull Stratos report (Stratos for stratosphere) that future work is needed to test a stabilizing parachute for use at extreme altitudes.

The private project was aimed, from the start, at helping future space crews ? whether NASA or commercial ? survive high-altitude accidents.

If a highly trained jumper like Baumgartner with 2,500 jumps couldn't prevent a flat spin, "an astronaut, pilot or space tourist could not overcome this spinning probability," Kittinger wrote.

Thompson agreed, noting that given the right safety gear and the right conditions, there's "a remote possibility" a space crew could survive even under such harsh circumstances as were faced by the space shuttle Columbia astronauts.

All seven astronauts perished as Columbia returned to Earth on Feb. 1, 2003. One of the crew, Laurel Clark, was married to the former NASA flight surgeon who led Baumgartner's medical team, Dr. Jonathan Clark.

"You never know what the possibilities are ... that's the direction we need to look at," Thompson said.

___

Online:

http://www.redbullstratos.com/

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/b2f0ca3a594644ee9e50a8ec4ce2d6de/Article_2013-02-04-Supersonic%20Skydiver/id-73eedfe8fcf74759bb2b0173b67493f4

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